UV–Vis–NIR (SSEF) spectroscopy is a non-destructive analytical technique widely used in gemology, particularly at the advanced Gemological Institutes.

This method measures light absorption in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared regions of the spectrum, providing valuable information about chromophore elements, crystal structure, and the formation conditions of gemstones.

The resulting absorption patterns act as spectral fingerprints and are essential for gemstone identification, determination of origin, detection of treatments such as heating or irradiation, and differentiation between natural and synthetic stones.